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Jerome David Kern January 27, — November 11, was an American composer of musical theatre and popular music. One of the most important American theatre composers of the early 20th century, he wrote more than songs, used in over stage works, including such classics as " Ol' Man River ", " Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man ", " A Fine Romance ", " Smoke Gets in Your Eyes ", " All the Things You Are ", " The Way You Look Tonight ", " Long Ago and Far Away " and " Who?
He collaborated with many of the leading librettists and lyricists of his era, including George Grossmith Jr. WodehouseOtto HarbachOscar Hammerstein IIDorothy FieldsJohnny MercerIra Gershwin and E. A native New YorkerKern created dozens of Broadway musicals and Hollywood films in a career that lasted for more than four decades. He and his collaborators also employed his melodies to further the action or develop characterization to a greater extent than in the other musicals of his day, creating the model for later musicals.
Although dozens of Kern's musicals and musical films were hits, only Show Boat is now regularly revived. Songs from his other shows, however, are still frequently performed and adapted.
Many of Kern's songs have been adapted by jazz musicians to become standard tunes. Kern was born in New York City, on Sutton Placein what was then the city's brewery district.
He showed an early aptitude for music and was taught to play the piano and organ by his mother, an accomplished player and teacher. Inthe family moved to Newark, New Jerseywhere Kern attended Newark High School which became Barringer High School in He wrote songs for the school's first musical, a minstrel showinand for an amateur musical adaptation of Uncle Tom's Cabin put on at the Newark Yacht Club in January In response, Kern's father insisted that his son work with him in business, instead of composing.
Kern, however, failed miserably in one of his earliest tasks: Between andhe continued his musical training under private tutors in HeidelbergGermany, returning to New York via London. For a time, Kern worked as a rehearsal pianist in Broadway theatres and as a song-plugger for Tin Pan Alley music publishers. While in London, he secured a contract from the American impresario Charles Frohman to provide songs for interpolation in Broadway versions of London shows. He began to provide these additions in to British scores for An English Daisyby Seymour Hicks and Walter Slaughterand Mr.
Wix of Wickhamfor which he wrote most of the songs. InKern contributed the song "How'd you like to spoon with me? Wodehouse and making valuable contacts, including George Grossmith Jr. Kern was much taken with the proprietor's daughter, Eva Leale —who was working behind the bar. He wooed her, and they were married at the Anglican church of St. Mary's in Walton on October 25, The couple then lived at the Swan when Kern was in England. Kern is believed to have composed music for silent films as early asbut the earliest documented film music which he is known to have written was for a twenty-part serial, Gloria's Romance in The film is now considered lostbut Kern's music survives.
Another score for the silent movies, Jubilofollowed in Kern's first complete score was Broadway's The Red Petticoatone of the first musical-comedy Westerns. The libretto was by Rida Johnson Young. Kern contributed two songs to To-Night's the Nightanother Rubens musical. It opened in New York and went on to become a hit in London. The best known of Kern's songs from this period is probably " They Didn't Believe Me ", which was a hit in the New York version of the Paul Rubens and Sidney Jones musical, The Girl from Utahfor which Kern wrote five songs.
He was also able to use elements of American styles, such as ragtime, as well as syncopation, in his lively dance tunes. In MayKern was due to sail with Charles Frohman from New York to London on board the RMS Lusitaniabut Kern missed the boat, having overslept after staying up late playing poker.
The most notable of his scores were those for a series of shows written for the Princess Theatrea small seat house built by Ray Comstock. Theatrical agent Elisabeth Marbury asked Kern and librettist Guy Bolton to create a series of intimate and low-budget, yet smart, musicals.
The "Princess Theatre shows" were unique on Broadway not only for their small size, but their clever, coherent plots, integrated scores and naturalistic acting, which presented "a sharp contrast to the large-scale Ruritanian operettas then in vogue" [3] or the star-studded revues and extravaganzas of producers like Florenz Ziegfeld. Earlier musical comedy had often been thinly plotted, gaudy pieces, marked by the insertion of songs into their scores with little regard to the plot.
The characters and situations were, within the limitations of musical comedy license, believable and the humor came from the situations or the nature of the characters.
Kern's exquisitely flowing melodies were employed to further the action or develop characterization. The team's first Princess Theatre show was an adaptation of Paul Rubens' London show, Mr.
Popple of Ippletoncalled Nobody Home Wodehouse joined the Princess team inadding his skill as a lyricist to the succeeding shows. The second played elsewhere during the long run of Oh Boy! In FebruaryDorothy Parker wrote in Vanity Fair:. Well, Bolton and Wodehouse and Kern have done it again. Every time these three gather together, the Princess Theatre is sold out for months in advance. You can get a seat for Oh, Lady! If you ask me, I will look you fearlessly in the eye and tell you in low, throbbing tones that it has it over any other musical comedy in town.
But then Bolton and Wodehouse and Kern are my favorite indoor sport. I like the way they go about a musical comedy. I like the way the action slides casually into the songs. I like the deft rhyming of the song that is always sung in the last act by two comedians and a comedienne. And oh, how I do like Jerome Kern's music.
And all these things are even more so in Oh, Lady! Kern and Wodehouse disagreed over money, and the composer decided to move on to other projects. The rest of the show was composed by Louis Hirschand ran for performances: The s were an extremely productive period in American musical theatre, and Kern created at least one show every year for the entire decade. His first show of was The Night Boatwith book and lyrics by Anne Caldwellwhich ran for more than performances in New York and for three seasons on tour.
This show, staged by Florenz Ziegfeld, ran for performances, one of the longest runs of any Broadway show in the decade, and popularized the song " Look for the Silver Lining " which had been written for an earlier showperformed by the rising star Marilyn Miller. It also had a long run in London inproduced by George Grossmith, Jr. Stepping Stoneswith Caldwell was a success, and in the Princess Theatre team of Bolton, Wodehouse and Kern reunited to write Sitting Prettybut it did not recapture the popularity of the earlier collaborations.
As a young man, Kern had been an easy companion with great charm and humor, but he became less outgoing in his middle years, sometimes difficult to work with: With Hammerstein, however, he remained on close terms for the rest of his life.
Because of the strong success of Sally and Sunny and consistent good results with his other shows, Ziegfeld was willing to gamble on Kern's next project in Kern had been impressed by Edna Ferber 's novel Show Boat and wished to present a musical stage version.
The story, dealing with racism, marital strife and alcoholism, was unheard of in the escapist world of musical comedy. Despite his doubts, Ziegfeld spared no expense in staging the piece to give it its full epic grandeur.
According to the theatre historian John Kenrick: He was pleasantly surprised when the next morning brought ecstatic reviews and long lines at the box office. In fact, Show Boat proved to be the most lasting accomplishment of Ziegfeld's career — the only one of his shows that is regularly performed today. While most Kern musicals have largely been forgotten, except for their songs, Show Boat remains well-remembered and frequently seen.
It is a staple of stock productions and has been revived numerous times on Broadway and in London. A revival integrated choreography into the show, in the manner of a Rodgers and Hammerstein production, as did the Harold Prince — Susan Stroman revival, which was nominated for ten Tony Awardswinning five, including best revival.
It was the first musical to enter a major opera company's repertory New York City Opera,and the rediscovery of the score with Robert Russell Bennett 's original orchestrations led to a large-scale EMI recording in and several opera-house productions. He never orchestrated his own scores, leaving that to musical assistants, principally Frank Saddler until and Russell Bennett from Kern's last Broadway show in the s was Sweet Adelinewith a libretto by Hammerstein.
It was a period piece, set in the Gay 90s, about a girl from Hoboken, New Jersey near Kern's childhood homewho becomes a Broadway star. Opening just before the stock market crash, it received rave reviews, but the elaborate, old-fashioned piece was a step back from the innovations in Show Boator even the Princess Theatre shows.
He sold at auction, at New York's Anderson Galleries, the collection how to make money in oil and gas industry in nigeria English and American literature that he had been building up for more than a decade.
Among the books he sold were first or early editions of poems by Robert Burns and Percy Bysshe Shelleyand works by Jonathan SwiftHenry Fielding and Charles Dickensas well as manuscripts by Alexander PopeJohn KeatsShelley, Lord ByronThomas Hardy and others. In Kern made his first trip to Hollywood to supervise the film version of Sallyone of the first "all-talking" Technicolor films.
The following year, he was there a second time to work on Men of the Skyreleased in without his songs, and a film version of Sunny. It ran for performances, a remarkable success for the Depression years, and transferred to London the following year.
Music in the Air was nifty call put option free trial Kern-Hammerstein collaboration and another show-biz plot, best remembered today for " The Song Is You " and " I've Told Ev'ry Little Star ".
It was "undoubtedly an operetta", set in the German countryside, but without the Ruritanian trimmings of the operettas of Kern's youth. Kern's Three Sisterswas his last West End show, with a libretto by Hammerstein.
The musical, depicting horse-racing, the circus, and class distinctions, was a failure, running for only two months, despite what seems to have been an excellent Kern score it moneybhai investor free online virtual stock market never published and much of the original arbitrage binary option entry signals is lost.
Inwhen musical films put option exit strategy become popular once again, thanks to Busby Berkeley[43] Kern returned to Hollywood, where he composed the scores to a dozen more films, although he also continued working on Broadway productions. He settled permanently in Hollywood in This second phase of Kern's Hollywood career had considerably greater artistic and commercial success than the first.
With Hammerstein, he wrote songs for the film versions of his recent Broadway shows Music in the Airwhich starred Gloria Swanson in a rare singing role, and Sweet Adeline How youtube vloggers make money Dorothy Fieldshe composed the new music for I Dream Too Mucha musical melodrama about the opera world, starring the Metropolitan Opera diva Lily Pons.
Kern and Fields interspersed the opera numbers with their songs, including "the swinging 'I Got Love,' the lullaby 'The Jockey on the Carousel,' and yesterdays stock market crash entrancing title song. The show also included the song " I'll Be Hard to Handle ".
This was given a remake called Lovely to Look At. Their next film, Swing Time included the song " The Way You Look Tonight ", which won the Academy Award in for the best song. Other songs in Swing Time include " A Fine Romance ", " Pick Yourself Up " and " Never Gonna Dance ". The Oxford Companion to the American Musical calls Swing Time "a strong candidate for the best of the Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers musicals" and says that, although the screenplay is contrived, it "left plenty of room for dance and stock trading software tax deductible of it was superb.
Kern songs were also used in the Cary Grant film, When You're in Loveand the first Abbott and Costello feature, One Night in the Tropics InHammerstein wrote the lyric " The Last Time I Saw Paris ", in homage to the French capital, recently occupied by the Germans. Kern set it, the only time he set a pre-written lyric, and his only hit song not written as part of a musical.
Kern's second and last symphonic work was his ' Mark Twain Suite In his last Hollywood musicals, Kern worked with several new and distinguished partners. With Johnny Mercer for You Were Never Lovelierhe contributed "a set of memorable songs to entertain audiences until the plot came to its inevitable conclusion". Kern's next win forex bot serial was with Ira Gershwin on Cover Girl starring Hayworth and Gene Kelly for which Kern composed "Sure Thing","Put Me to the Test," "Make Way for Tomorrow" lyric by E.
Stock in japanese market index chartand the hit ballad " Long Ago and Far Away ".
Kern composed his last film score, Centennial Summer in which "the songs were as resplendent as the story and characters were mediocre. Harburg contributed lyrics for Kern's lovely music, resulting in the soulful ballad 'All Through the Day,' fork win in binary options every time rustic 'Cinderella Sue,' the cheerful 'Up With the Lark,' and the torchy 'In Love in Vain.
Some of it was too advanced for the film companies; Kern's biographer, Stephen Banfield, refers to "tonal experimentation Kern and his wife, Eva, often vacationed formula delta call option their yacht Show Boat. He collected rare books and enjoyed betting on horses. In the fall ofKern returned to New York City to oversee auditions for a new revival of Show Boatand began to work on the score for what would become the musical Annie Get Your Gunto be produced by Rodgers and Hammerstein.
On November 5,at 60 years of age, he suffered a cerebral hemorrhage while walking at the corner of Park Avenue and 57th Street. Hammerstein was at his side when Kern's breathing stopped. Hammerstein hummed or sang the song "I've Told Ev'ry Little Star" from Music in the Air a personal favorite of the composer's into Kern's ear. Receiving no response, Hammerstein knew Kern had died.
Kern is interred at Ferncliff Cemetery in Westchester County, New York. Jerome Kern was nominated eight times for an Academy Award, and won twice.
Seven nominations were for Best Original Song ; these included a posthumous nomination in each of and One nomination was in for Best Original Music Score.
Kern was not options trading icici direct for any Bombay stock exchange trade Awards, which were not created until InVery Good Eddie was nominated for a Drama Desk Award as Outstanding Revival, and the director and actors received various Tony, Drama Desk and other awards and nominations.
Elisabeth Welsh was nominated for a Tony Award for her performance in Jerome Kern Goes to Hollywood inand Show Boat received Tony nominations in both andwinning for best revival in among numerous other awards and nominationsand won the Laurence Olivier Award for best revival in InBig Deal was nominated for the Tony for best musical, among other awards, and Bob Fosse won how to open webmoney account in pakistan best choreographer.
InElaine Stritch at Libertyfeaturing Kern's "All in Fun", won the Tony Award for Best Special Theatrical Event. InNever Gonna Dance received two Tony nominations. Kern was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame posthumously, in Inthe U.
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All shows listed are musical call option pricing model .xls for which Kern was the sole composer unless otherwise specified. During his first phase of work —Kern wrote songs for 22 Broadway productions, including songs interpolated into British musicals or featured in revues sometimes writing lyrics yesterdays stock market crash well as musicand he occasionally co-wrote musicals with one or two other composers.
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During visits to London beginning inhe also composed songs that were first performed in several London shows. The following are some of the most notable such shows from this period: From tothe more-experienced Kern began to work on dramatically concerned shows, including incidental music for plays, and, for the first time since his college show Uncle Tom's Cabinhe wrote musicals as the sole composer.
His regular lyricist collaborators for his more than 30 shows during this period were Bolton, Wodehouse, Caldwell, Harry B.
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Smith and Howard Dietz. Some of his most notable shows during this very productive period were as follows:. During the last phase of his theatrical composing career, Kern continued to work with his previous collaborators but also met Oscar Hammerstein II and Otto Harbach, with whom Kern wrote his most lasting, memorable, and well-known works. The most successful of these are as follows:. In addition to revivals of his most popular shows, Kern's music has been posthumously featured in a variety of revues, musicals and concerts on and off Broadway.
Among the more than songs by Kern are such classics as " All the Things You Are ", "Bill", "Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man", "A Fine Romance", " The Folks Who Live On the Hill ", "I'll Be Hard to Handle", "I'm Old Fashioned", "I've Told Ev'ry Little Star", "The Last Time I Saw Paris", "Let's Begin", "Long Ago and Far Away ", "Look for the Silver Lining", "Lovely to Look At", "Ol' Man River", "Pick Yourself Up", "She Didn't Say Yes", "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes", "The Song Is You", "They Didn't Believe Me", "The Way You Look Tonight", " Why Was I Born?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Miss - the musical comedy Miss Springtime — contributor of two songs to this Emmerich Kalman success Have a Heart — composer and contributor of some lyrics [62] Love O' Mike Oh, Boy! List of Jerome Kern songs. Kern, Jerome David ". Grove OnlineOxford Music Online, accessed May 10, requires subscription. The Oxford Companion to American Theatrethird edition, Oxford University Press The Swan at Walton-on-Thames, History, accessed May 12, The New York TimesMay 9,p.
History of The Musical Stage Oxford University Press U. Jerome Kern", The TimesFebruary 17,p. The Oxford Companion to the American MusicalOxford University Press Getting to Know Him: A Biography of Oscar Hammerstein II. Academy Award for Best Original Song.
Herb Magidson " Lullaby of Broadway " Music: Al Dubin " The Way You Look Tonight " Music: Dorothy Fields " Sweet Leilani " Music and lyrics: Harry Owens " Thanks for the Memory " Music: Leo Robin " Over the Rainbow " Music: Harburg " When You Wish upon a Star " Music: Oscar Hammerstein II " White Christmas " Music and Lyrics: Irving Berlin " You'll Never Know " Music: Mack Gordon " Swinging on a Star " Music: Jimmy Van Heusen Lyrics: Johnny Burke " It Might as Well Be Spring " Music: Oscar Hammerstein II " On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe " Music: Johnny Mercer " Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah " Music: Ray Gilbert " Buttons and Bows " Music: Ray Evans " Baby, It's Cold Outside " Music and Lyrics: Frank Loesser " Mona Lisa " Music and Lyrics: Ray Evans and Jay Livingston Johnny Mercer " High Noon Do Not Forsake Me, Oh My Darlin' " Music: Ned Washington " Secret Love " Music: Paul Francis Webster " Three Coins in the Fountain " Music: Sammy Cahn " Love Is a Many Splendored Thing " Music: Paul Francis Webster " Que Sera, Sera Whatever Will Be, Will Be " Music and lyrics: Jay Livingston and Ray Evans " All the Way " Music: Sammy Cahn " Gigi " Music: Alan Jay Lerner " High Hopes " Music: Sammy Cahn " Never on Sunday " Music and lyrics: Johnny Mercer " Days of Wine and Roses " Music: Johnny Mercer " Call Me Irresponsible " Music: Sammy Cahn " Chim Chim Cher-ee " Music and lyrics: Sherman and Robert B.
Sherman " The Shadow of Your Smile " Music: Paul Francis Webster " Born Free " Music: Don Black " Talk to the Animals " Music and lyrics: Leslie Bricusse " The Windmills of Your Mind " Music: Alan and Marilyn Bergman " Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head " Music: Hal David " For All We Know " Music: Robb Royer and Jimmy Griffin Isaac Hayes " The Morning After " Music and lyrics: Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn " The Way We Were " Music: Alan and Marilyn Bergman " We May Never Love Like This Again " Music and lyrics: Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn " I'm Easy " Music and lyrics: Keith Carradine " Evergreen Love Theme from A Star Is Born " Music: Paul Williams " You Light Up My Life " Music and lyrics: Joseph Brooks " Last Dance " Music and lyrics: Paul Jabara " It Goes Like It Goes " Music: Norman Gimbel " Fame " Music: Burt BacharachCarole Bayer SagerChristopher Cross and Peter Allen " Up Where We Belong " Music: Jack Nitzsche and Buffy Sainte-Marie Lyrics: Will Jennings " Flashdance What a Feeling " Music: Keith Forsey and Irene Cara " I Just Called to Say I Love You " Music and lyrics: Stevie Wonder " Say You, Say Me " Music and lyrics: Lionel Richie " Take My Breath Away " Music: Tom Whitlock " I've Had The Time of My Life " Music: Franke PreviteJohn DeNicola and Donald Markowitz Lyrics: Franke Previte " Let the River Run " Music and lyrics: Carly Simon " Under the Sea " Music: Howard Ashman " Sooner or Later I Always Get My Man " Music and Lyrics: Howard Ashman " A Whole New World " Music: Tim Rice " Streets of Philadelphia " Music and lyrics: Bruce Springsteen " Can You Feel the Love Tonight " Music: Tim Rice " Colors of the Wind " Music: Stephen Schwartz " You Must Love Me " Music: Andrew Lloyd Webber Lyrics: Tim Rice " My Heart Will Go On " Music: Will Jennings " When You Believe " Music and lyrics: Stephen Schwartz " You'll Be in My Heart " Music and lyrics: Phil Collins " Things Have Changed " Music and lyrics: Randy Newman " Lose Yourself " Music: EminemJeff Bass and Luis Resto Lyrics: Eminem " Into the West " Music and lyrics: Jorge Drexler " It's Hard out Here for a Pimp " Music and lyrics: Juicy JFrayser Boy and DJ Paul " I Need to Wake Up " Music and lyrics: Melissa Etheridge " Falling Slowly " Music and lyrics: Gulzar " The Weary Kind " Music and lyrics: Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett " We Belong Together " Music and lyrics: Bret McKenzie " Skyfall " Music and lyrics: Adele Adkins and Paul Epworth " Let It Go " Music and lyrics: Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez " Glory " Music and lyrics: John Stephens and Lonnie Lynn " Writing's on the Wall " Music and lyrics: James Napier and Sam Smith " City of Stars " Music: Benj Pasek and Justin Paul Authority control WorldCat Identities VIAF: Retrieved from " https: American people of German descent American musical theatre composers Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters Burials at Ferncliff Cemetery Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development alumni American people of German-Jewish descent Jewish American composers Jewish American songwriters Jewish classical musicians New York College of Music alumni People from Manhattan Songwriters Hall of Fame inductees Heidelberg University alumni births deaths Bibliophiles American book and manuscript collectors Musicians from Newark, New Jersey Songwriters from New Jersey Songwriters from New York American people of Czech-Jewish descent.
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